Aiming at the current charging dilemma of electric bicycles, this paper proposes a method for determining the location and capacity of centralized charging and battery swapping stations. Based on POI data, this study identifies hotspots of charging and battery swapping demand in the research area, constructs a comprehensive model targeting the minimization of operators' costs and users' time costs, and employs the simulated annealing-particle swarm optimization (SA-PSO) hybrid algorithm to solve the model for obtaining the locations of the stations and the configuration quantity of equipment. Through case analysis, the results of location and capacity determination for centralized charging and battery swapping stations in the research area are obtained, providing theoretical reference for electric bicycle charging and battery swapping operators.

With the development of the world economy and the severe situation of environmental pollution, the concept of corporate responsibility has shifted from traditional economic growth to a comprehensive perspective of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG). Under China's "high-quality development" and "dual carbon" strategies, corporate ESG performance has increasingly become an important evaluation indicator to measure a company's sustainable development capacity and long-term investment value. This paper analyzes the internal and external driving factors for the improvement of corporate ESG performance. External driving factors include policies, industry norm constraints, external attention, and industrial chains, while internal driving factors include the company's own scale, technological innovation, talent support, and executive characteristics.